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Modular Arithmetic

(a mod n) + (b mod n) = (a + b) mod n
(a mod n) * (b mod n) = ab mod n
\({\rm a}^{-1}\) mod n = b $\leftrightarrow$ ab mod n = 1 (inverse)

Uses identities a2c mod n = (ac)2 mod nand a2c+1 mod n = a * (ac)2 mod n.


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